ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral diseases in patients seen in the Oral Diagnosis and Medicine Department of Dental Hospital of Sir Syed College of Medical Sciences for Girls, Karachi on World Oral Health Day 2015. A total of 77 patients with the age range from 8 to 75 year were examined clinically. Gingivitis [50.7%] was the most common disease among all patients followed by irreversiblepulpitis [19.4%],periodontitis [18.2%], ,BDRs [3.9%], reversiblepulpitis [2.9%],tobacco staining [1.3%] carious teeth [1.3%] and traumatic ulcers [1.3%]. Over all gender distribution of 77 patients indicate high prevalence in male [58%] as compared to females [41%] patients
ABSTRACT
To examine the traditional risk factors and biochemical profile of patients with established CAD [coronary artery disease], and compare the trends of these in specified age groups of different populations as depicted in various studies. All consecutive patients below 45 years of age, having classical history of Ischemic heart disease and also having definite ECG changes consistent with coronary artery disease were enrolled. These patients were admitted to CCU/Intermediate Coronary Care Unit of Pakistan Ordinance Factories [POF] Hospital Wah Cantonment from April 2007 to December 2011. Patients who had doubtful history as regards CHD and those having ECG changes not classically consistent with CAD were excluded. Information collected through Performa included history including family history and details of risk factors. Clinical examination was carried out and relevant investigations including the serial ECG changes were recorded. Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast of 14 hours and tests were done for total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol by using Pioneer-USA, linear chemical kits by cholesterol oxidase and enzymatic calometric method. A total of 109 cases were included. Cigarette smoking [46%] Family history [43%], Hypertension [37%], Dyslipidemia [33%], Diabetes mellitus [18%] and above normal BMI [63.3%] are the most common risk factors in our patients. Increased abdominal girth has appeared to be an important risk factor and at occasions is documented to be independent of obesity. Casual dietary habits and sedentary life style are the other less important risk factors. The majority of risk factors were equally prevalent in males as well as females except smoking which was less prevalent in females. Our study shows that Family history, Smoking, Hypertension, increased BMI, increased Abdominal girth, Dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus are the main risk factors. Considering the increasing incidence of the coronary heart disease in our society it is essential to assess and evaluate these risk factors at national level